Pkw-Reifentechnik: Haft-Pflicht für Gummi

Er ist schwarz, er ist rund, mehr oder minder profiliert, soll möglichst lange halten und darf niemals die Haftung verlieren: der Reifen. Seit seiner Erfindung hat die Reifenindustrie aus dem unscheinbaren Gummi- und Gewebegebilde ein hochtechnisiertes Produkt mit enormen Eigenschaften geschaffen. Die Kunst besteht darin, dass der Reifen gleichzeitig vollkommen gegensätzliche Eigenschaften haben müsste: Der Gummi sollte weich sein, damit er sich optimal an die Fahrbahn schmiegt, nicht hüpft und springt, und er sollte hart sein, damit der Abrieb gering bleibt und der Reifen lange lebt. Zusätzlich wäre bei trockener Fahrbahn ein Slickreifen mit unprofilierter Oberfläche perfekt, weil sich damit eine größtmögliche Gummifläche optimal mit der Straße verzahnen kann und der Reifen beim Beschleunigen, Kurvenfahren und Bremsen höchste Kräfte übertragen kann. Für nasse Fahrbahn hingegen muss er aber ein deutliches Profil haben, das die Wasserschicht auf der Straße durchschneidet, das Wasser in sich aufnimmt und zur Seite presst und dadurch das gefürchtete Aufschwimmen (Aquaplaning) verhindert. Kurzum, der Reifen muss ein Tausendsassa sein.

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