Mechanik und Hochvolttechnik in Hybridautos

Hybrid kommt von lateinisch "hybrida" und bedeutet "Mischung/Kreuzung". Hybridfahrzeuge müssen laut einer Definition der UNO aus dem Jahr 2003 mit mindestens zwei Energieumwandlern und mindestens zwei Energiespeichersystemen ausgerüstet sein. Im Laufe der Jahre sind unterschiedliche Hybridkonzepte entstanden. Es gibt: Mikro-Hybrid, Mildhybrid, Voll-Hybrid und Plug-in-Hybrid. Diese Bezeichnungen werden eher im Verkauf für den Endkunden benutzt. Der Techniker klassifiziert die Hybridkonzepte eher nach der Art der Leistungsverteilung. In Konzept und Technologie unterscheiden sich die Hybrid-Lösungen vor allem durch die Art und Weise, wie die aus unterschiedlichen Energiespeichern bedienten Antriebsmotoren zusammenwirken – seriell, parallel oder leistungsverzweigt. Hybridfahrzeuge sind oft an Modellbezeichnungen wie HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) und PHEV (Plug-in-Hybrid Electric Vehicle) erkennbar.

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