Antriebstechnik: Das Schaltgetriebe im Pkw

Verbrennungsmotoren haben einen bauartbedingten Nachteil: Sie können nur in einem eng begrenzten Drehzahlbereich brauchbares Drehmoment und angemessene Leistung abgeben. Deshalb benötigen sie im Gegensatz zum Elektromotor oder zur Dampfmaschine ein Getriebe. Dabei ist die Bauart des Getriebes zunächst zweitrangig, wichtig ist die primäre Aufgabe, das Drehmoment und die Drehzahl so zu verändern, dass ein Fahrzeug damit möglichst optimal fahren kann. Man unterscheidet grundsätzlich folgende Getriebe:

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